Daily Search Forum Recap: March 9, 2010

Here is a recap of what happened in the search forums today, through the eyes of the Search Engine Roundtable and other search forums on the web.


Here is a recap of what happened in the search forums today, through the eyes of the Search Engine Roundtable and other search forums on the web.


http://www.seroundtable.com/

SMX West: Optimizing Your Content on YouTube

Below is live coverage of the Optimizing Your Content on YouTube from the SMX West conference.

This coverage is provided by Keri Morgret of Strike Models.

We are using a live blogging tool to provide the real time coverage, please excuse any typos. You can also interact with us and while we are live blogging, so feel free to ask us questions as we blog. We will publish the archive below after the session is completed.

Optimizing Your Content on YouTube


Below is live coverage of the Optimizing Your Content on YouTube from the SMX West conference.

This coverage is provided by Keri Morgret of Strike Models.

We are using a live blogging tool to provide the real time coverage, please excuse any typos. You can also interact with us and while we are live blogging, so feel free to ask us questions as we blog. We will publish the archive below after the session is completed.


http://www.seroundtable.com/

SMX West: The Current State Of Social Search

Below is live coverage of the The Current State Of Social Search from the SMX West conference.

This coverage is provided by Brian Ussery of Beu Blog.

We are using a live blogging tool to provide the real time coverage, please excuse any typos. You can also interact with us and while we are live blogging, so feel free to ask us questions as we blog. We will publish the archive below after the session is completed.

The Current State Of Social Search


Below is live coverage of the The Current State Of Social Search from the SMX West conference.

This coverage is provided by Brian Ussery of Beu Blog.

We are using a live blogging tool to provide the real time coverage, please excuse any typos. You can also interact with us and while we are live blogging, so feel free to ask us questions as we blog. We will publish the archive below after the session is completed.


http://www.seroundtable.com/

Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010


  
Smashing-magazine-advertisement in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010
 in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010  in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010  in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Desktop wallpapers can serve as an excellent source of inspiration. However, if you use some specific wallpaper for a long period of time, it becomes harder to draw inspiration out of it. That’s why we have decided to supply you with smashing wallpapers over 12 months. And to make them a little bit more distinctive from the usual crowd, we’ve decided to embed calendars for the upcoming month. So if you need to look up some date, isn’t it better to show off a nice wallpaper with a nice calendar instead of launching some default time application?

This post features 45 free desktop wallpapers, created by designers across the globe. Both versions with a calendar and without a calendar can be downloaded for free.

Please notice:

  • all images can be clicked and lead to the preview of the wallpaper;
  • you can feature your work in our magazine by taking part in our desktop wallpaper calendar series. We are regularly looking for creative designers and artists to be featured on Smashing Magazine. Are you one of them?

So what wallpapers have we received for March 2010?

[Offtopic: by the way, did you know that Smashing Magazine has one of the most influential and popular Twitter accounts? Join our discussions and get updates about useful tools and resources — follow us on Twitter!]

Super Mario bros 1985

"My 25th anniversary tribute to Super Mario bros." Designed by Davide Vicariotto from Italy.

Super-mario-bros-1985 in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Haiku on Hanami

"And the wind says swish, swish…" Designed by April Joy E. Jasmin from Philippines.

Haiku-on-hanami in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Butterfly

"The bright colours of March." Designed by Ellen Xue from Canada.

Butterfly in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Spring Time

Designed by Indeziner from Romania.

Spring-time in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Sticks and Stones

"Was daydreaming and listening to Sticks and Stones by The Pierces over and over againand came up with this idea for the March Calendar." Designed by Kathlyn Marie Salazar from Philippines.

Sticks-and-stones in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Searching for spring

Designed by Andrei Verner from Russia.

Searching-for-spring in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Goes in like a lion and out like a lamb

"Just an illustration for march :)" Designed by Jennifer Herd from Canada.

Lion-lamb in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Soom

"This is a color-work done 100% with Adobe illustrator CS4, its all about messing with gradients, transparency and a lot of blend tool. “Soom” means breath, this represents the breathing of universal time. the time of the stars." Designed by David Fernandes / Random Spirals from Portugal.

Soom in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Up

"Fun spring wallpaper." Designed by Anca Varsandan from Romania.

Up in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Even Cupcakes Have Bad Days

Designed by Valerie Morgan from USA.

Cupcake in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Ghost Stories

"Background picture by Esa Wendelin" Designed by Marta Miazek from Poland.

Ghoststories in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Gummy March

Designed by Monica Corduneanu from Romania.

Gummy-march in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

A New Day

"It’s the start of a brand new day." Designed by Stephanie Lam from Australia.

A-new-day in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Lucky Shamrocks

"Despite the three-leaved clover being synonymous with St. Patrick’s Day, I decided that a four-leaved clover would bring more luck to all the readers. Despite the three-leaved clover being synonymous with St. Patrick’s Day, I decided that a four-leaved clover would bring more luck to all the readers. Cheers!" Designed by Crystal Ng from Malaysia.

Lucky-shamrocks in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Fractal

"Inspired by last months article about Mathematics…" Designed by Zhongde Liu from Germany/China.

Fractal in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Telephones

"The telephone has had a bit of an impact over the last century on the way we communicate, so I thought a telephone-themed wallpaper would be appropriate for the month of its patent." Designed by Dan Sweet from USA.

Telephones in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Midnight Sun

"The midnight sun sets on the party in the trees." Designed by Chris Alexander (Yipori) from England.

Midnight in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Romanian Tradition Martisorul

Designed by Alexandra Ipate from Romania.

Romanian-tradition-martisorul in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Ladybug

"If I would be a ladybug…" Designed by Christine Schirbel from Germany.

Ladybug in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Daisy

Designed by Pietje Precies from The Netherlands.

Daisy in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Popephoenix

"This what we do. This is how we live. This is how we evolve. All for the sake of art." Designed by Popephoenix from USA.

The-designers-mantra in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

No Smoking

"Millions of people die every year because of Smoking but yet millions of people still smoke. I Designed this wallpaper just to Celebrate the NO SMOKING Day and raise our voices against this habit that Kills." Designed by Vanshika Wadhwani from Bahrain.

No-smoking in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Women as nature

"Women have long been associated with nature – metaphorically, as in ‘mother Earth’,for instance.International Womens Day is celebrated as the first spring holiday in the Northern Hemisphere, March is considered as the month which brings spring season with Nature Dressed in Green, to Greet the season of spring." Designed by Neelam Asrani from India.

Women-as-nature in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Spring is coming

"The vision of spring by m-mstudio. Now the nature is awakening!" Designed by m-mstudio from Italy.

Spring-is-coming in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Luminance

Designed by Jordan Scott from Canada.

Luminance in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Are you doing all you can?

"Are you doing all you can to become the person you want to be?" Designed by Valerie Morgan from USA.

Become in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Bright Summer

"In America, March is the month of American Red Cross. In India people celebrate Holi – the festival of colors in March. And in history it is the month in which Brutus assassinated Julius Caesar. Moreover, it is the starting of summer with the hot air, in southern Asia. In human color psychology, red is associated with bravery, purity, happiness, good luck, heat/fire, energy, and blood, and emotions that “stir the blood”, including anger, passion, love, pain, and sacrifice." Designed by Ramesh V R from India.

Bright-summer in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Ballerine

"The letters with drips represent the cold winter and the ballerine is spring." Designed by Axenis from France.

Ballerine in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Birthday Month

Designed by Ammar Ceker from Turkey.

Birthday-month in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

March Sentense

"Just motivating sentence for March :)" Designed by Temeshi from Poland.

March-sentense in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Winter’s Almost Over

"Winters are long and slushy in Buffalo, NY. March is both the ugliest and most hopeful month, because spring is just around the corner." Designed by Palmer Louise from USA.

Almost Over in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

New Beginnings

"I graduated college approximately 2 years ago, and since that time have worked as an IT consultant/auditor for a large accounting firm. I realized early on that I had made a mistake and would never be content until I got back into the world of design and development, which is where my passion truly lies. I have been working for the past year building a portfolio in the hopes to do this. This design is a direct byproduct of this and a hope that with Spring comes a new life and a new beginning." Designed by Noah Jablonski from USA.

New-beginnings in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Lucky Me

Designed by Valerie Morgan from USA.

Lucky in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Colourfull

"I am presenting a colourfull march." Designed by Sandhya Banshal from India.

Colourfull in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Spring Bloom

"March marks the beginning of a new season and is the time of year when plants begin the grow.The beauty of the month is depicted in this wallpaper." Designed by Ellen Xue from Canada.

Spring-bloom in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Escaping Winter

"I took this photo of Wharariki Beach while on holiday last month in New Zealand. I hope it brings some good weather this side of the world in March." Designed by Adam Foster from England.

Escaping-winter in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Why March

"Nothing like a good ol’ anti-war statement. For the record, I am not against the troops. I am against war. Thanks!" Designed by Kris K. from United States.

Why-march in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Feeling Sheepish

"A visual interpretation of the month that most importantly connects winter with summer, it just sometimes feels a bit sheepish." Designed by Jordan Scott from Canada.

Feelingsheepish in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Chuck misses a tooth

"Was kinda bored and looking for some fun. So, came up with Mr. Chuck who just lost a tooth!" Designed by Abdus Salam from Pakistan.

Chuck-misses-a-tooth in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Spring Is The Season

"Spring is the season of new, young and vibrant colors. My idea behind this creation is to leave behind the darkness of failure, tears, pain and broken hearts. Brighten yourself with new colors, hopes and thoughts like these flowers." Designed by Upasana Jain from India.

Spring-is-the-season in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Ultimate Sophistication

"I’m keeping the description simple to. The motivation behind this design was reading the Leonardo DaVinci quote online, liking it and wanting to do something to illustrate it." Designed by H??vard Bergersen from Norway.

Ultimate-sophistication in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Sploosh

"Bring in March with a sploosh." Designed by Ryan McLeod from Scotland.

Sploosh in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Stripy

"Be simple and bold this march :)" Designed by Akash Chandrayan from India.

Stripy in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Standing Tall

"Like any designer, I derive inspiration from nature. And animals are my favourite. Still I remember the tall, majestic Giraffes that I saw in my school excursion. Have a beautiful month." Designed by Ganesh k Swaminaathan from India.

Standing-tall in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Olympic Mania

"Desktop Wallpaper for March, 2010, Inspired by Vancouver 2010 Olympic Winter games." Designed by Sagar from Bangladesh.

Olympic-mania in Desktop Wallpaper Calendar: March 2010

Join in next month!

Please notice that we respect the ideas and motivation behind artists’ work which is why we’ve given artists full freedom to explore their creativity and express emotions and experience through their works. And this is also why the themes of the wallpapers weren’t anyhow influenced by us, but designed from scratch by the artists themselves.

Thanks to all designers for participation. Join in next month!

What’s your favorite?

What’s your favourite theme or wallpaper for this month? Please let us know in the comments! And have a smashing March, folks!


© Smashing Editorial for Smashing Magazine, 2010. | Permalink | One comment | Add to del.icio.us | Digg this | Stumble on StumbleUpon! | Tweet it! | Submit to Reddit | Forum Smashing Magazine
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Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design


  

The way you express yourself with words is a crucial extension of your creative identity. Professional designers are usually busy focusing on the visual aspects of their craft, but visual arts and literary arts collide and coincide regularly. The two fields meet not just in typography, but also in press releases, social networking communication, slogans, promotional materials, ‘About Me’ pages, marketing strategies, and every single pitch, contract, and email you’ve ever sent to a client.

What might happen if you injected some of those materials with a healthy dose of poetry, humor, or bravado? Obviously, doing so will not be appropriate in some forums, but when it is, this may be a good way to express yourself and differentiate your brand from the crowd.

<em>Fortunato Depero's book </em>Depero Futurista,<em> 1927.</em>

Some of the most electrifying examples of writing about art and design come in the form of the manifesto. The manifesto has played a pivotal role in some of the most important creative movements of the previous century: Futurism, Surrealism, and Cubism among them. Most graphic designers working today will probably not require their own manifesto, but it can be helpful to write a mission statement or expression of your creative goals. Likewise, most of us probably don’t intend to launch a full-scale ‘movement,’ but this genre of writing may inspire you to reconsider the literary content of your creative work and its public representation.

Smashing-magazine-advertisement in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design
 in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design  in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design  in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

The way you express yourself with words is a crucial extension of your creative identity. Professional designers are usually busy focusing on the visual aspects of their craft, but visual arts and literary arts collide and coincide regularly. The two fields meet not just in typography, but also in press releases, social networking communication, slogans, promotional materials, ‘About Me’ pages, marketing strategies, and every single pitch, contract, and email you’ve ever sent to a client.

What might happen if you injected some of those materials with a healthy dose of poetry, humor, or bravado? Obviously, doing so will not be appropriate in some forums, but when it is, this may be a good way to express yourself and differentiate your brand from the crowd.

Some of the most electrifying examples of writing about art and design come in the form of the manifesto. The manifesto has played a pivotal role in some of the most important creative movements of the previous century: Futurism, Surrealism, and Cubism among them. Most graphic designers working today will probably not require their own manifesto, but it can be helpful to write a mission statement or expression of your creative goals. Likewise, most of us probably don’t intend to launch a full-scale ‘movement,’ but this genre of writing may inspire you to reconsider the literary content of your creative work and its public representation.

What is a manifesto?

Maciunas2 in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

The 1963 Fluxus manifesto by George Maciunas includes rousing proclamations in the form of both handwriting and typewriter copy.

The artists’ manifesto is a “document of an ideology, crafted to convince and convert” (Mary Ann Caws, Manifesto: a Century of isms). The word ‘manifesto’ contains elements of the Latin terms ‘manus’ (hand) and ‘festus,’ which may be derived from the root ‘fendere,’ as in ‘offendere.’ In other words, the manifesto is a personal or even handwritten statement intending to shock, inspire, or offend. Most of the artists in this selection lived in times that they felt desperately required change, and their solution was revolution.

Artists’ manifestos were being written as early as 1886, but the genre developed into a “new literary sport” after the publication of Italian artist/provocateur F.T. Marinetti’s first Futurist manifesto in 1909 (Marjorie Perloff, The Futurist Moment). Marinetti’s writing had mythmaking qualities; this ringleader of the Futurists “became a public figure as a result of, not prior to the publication” of his manifesto.

Here are four artists’ manifestos, beginning with that of Futurism – the lunatic grandaddy of all artists’ manifestos. A review of each manifesto is accompanied by historical context, images of relevant artwork, and inspiration for contemporary applications of the ideas within.

[Offtopic: by the way, did you know that Smashing Magazine has one of the most influential and popular Twitter accounts? Join our discussions and get updates about useful tools and resources — follow us on Twitter!]

Futurism

An Overview

“Everything of any value is theatrical.” –F.T. Marinetti

Futurism originated in Italy in 1909 as an avant-garde movement that glorified technology, modernity, and even war. In their artwork, the Futurists strove to capture the speed and ‘force lines’ of motion and progress. This ideology pushed their work towards abstraction, and Futurism helped fuel the invention of Cubism.

Highlights from the Manifestos

Figaro in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

F.T. Marinetti’s Futurist manifesto was first published in French newspaper Le Figaro in 1909. The manifesto text is preceded by a disclaimer about the author’s “singularly audacious ideas.”

“We have been up all night, my friends and I, beneath mosque lamps whose brass cupolas are bright as our souls, because like them they were illuminated by the internal glow of electric hearts… we have been discussing right up to the limits of logic and scrawling the paper with demented writing.”

So begins F.T. Marinetti’s Futurist manifesto, which is full of “demented writing” and poetic language (”celestial bivouacs,” “rogue locomotives”) intended to rouse and mesmerize. The concept of the “internal glow of electric hearts” is an example of Marinetti’s glorification of industrial machinery and his desire to emulate it. This fascination with technology is a familiar notion in this current gadget age we live in today.

Perhaps even more than most artistic movements, the Futurists were obsessed with demolishing the ideals that preceded them. In his Manifesto of Futurist Painters (1910), Italian artist Umberto Boccioni declared, “We will fight with all our might the fanatical, senseless and snobbish religion of the past, a religion encouraged by the vicious existence of museums. We rebel against that spineless worshipping of old canvases, old statues and old bric-a-brac, against everything which is filthy and worm-ridden and corroded by time. We consider the habitual contempt for everything which is young, new and burning with life to be unjust and even criminal. ”

“We want no part of it, the past”, Marinetti wrote, “we the young and strong Futurists!”

Futurist Work Samples

Depero in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Fortunato Depero’s book Depero Futurista, 1927.

The Futurists excelled at experimental typography, and there’s no greater example than Fortunato Depero’s book Depero Futurista, boldly bound with two metal bolts. Once again, the Futurists are seizing the opportunity to incorporate industrial machinery into their work. This also must’ve made the book annoyingly difficult to shelve, which probably had them brimming with mischievous glee.

Depero3 in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Two internal pages from Depero Futurista.

Depero’s page layouts reveal the force of his bold compositional strength. View the designer’s advertisments for Campari for further evidence of his typographic and compositional muscle.

Boccioni in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Umberto Boccioni, The City Rises, 1910.

Boccioni exalts the colossal energy of the massive horses in this scene of urban labor. The horses test the limits of their harnesses while men direct the explosive equestrian strength. Man and horse appear almost as one. The artist could not have compressed more dynamism onto the canvas.

Contemporary Applications

Is your business a brand or a bland?

The Futurists excelled at drama. Say what you will about their work (the paintings are somewhat repetitive and occasionally, well, ugly), but they were never boring. It is a movement that never murmured, preferring to shout, sing, or scream.

Futurism shares a major quality with the contemporary web design community and that is a passion for progressive technology. The Futurists were intensely devoted to smashing the past while realizing the future. Web designers are always pushing the boundaries of what we’re capable of achieving, whether we’re developing new uses for content management systems or discussing the future potential of CSS (see the Surrealism section of this article for some distant future ideas). The lesson here is Always Evolve.

Another lesson is to keep it personal. Marinetti’s manifesto obsesses over machines, but it does so with intense emotion, which is a fundamentally human quality. In other words, don’t let your professional writing grow too cold. Those who excel in social networking excel at this aspect. Especially if your business identity is stark and pristine, a human touch goes a long way.

Dada

An Overview

To the Dadaists, logic was a pestilence. They believed that logic had led to a culturally and morally deficient society. These artists were so appalled by World War I that they violently rejected existing notions of culture, aesthetics, and even reason. Their work was anti-war, anti-bourgeois, and anti-conformity. Freedom was the goal; Dada sought to liberate a variety of media and its meanings from the shackles of the past. The Dadaists’ most powerful tools were biting satire and brazen provocation. Their ideology laid the foundation for Surrealism and their delight in anarchy makes them a cultural precursor to the punk movement that was born half a century later.

One of the most widely recognized symbols of the Dada movement is Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain (1917). The artist turned a urinal on its back, scrawled the absurd pseudonym ‘R. Mutt’ on its side, and declared it art. It was a lewd gesture towards the notion of contemporary art itself, which Duchamp criticized as being too ‘retinal’ in nature – mere aesthetic decoration. He succeeded with his ‘readymades’ at putting art “in the service of the mind” (hence, the constant labeling of his work as ‘conceptual’). The piece is emblematic of “the vehemently untraditional and bitingly critical nature of the Dada movement” (Marcel Duchamp 1887-1968, an essay by Nan Rosenthal). Dadaism assaulted the traditional values of fine art; Duchamp’s work succeeded in redefining the conception of what belongs in a museum setting, and therefore, the conception of what is considered art.

Highlights from the Manifestos

The Dadaists published many polemical manifestoes designed to provoke their critics and un-define their work. They insisted that the word ‘Dada’ was nonsense and that they were not a ‘movement.’ Each manifesto does its best to shatter any conventional thought on the matter. One such manifesto concludes, “Long live Dadaism in word and image! … To be against this manifesto is to be a Dadaist!”

Dadaist poet Tristan Tzara’s 1918 Dada Manifesto is a blustering rant. It is full of sound and fury, signifying nada. “DADA DOES NOT MEAN ANYTHING,” it demands. Intoxicated with energy, Tzara delivers stream-of-consciousness poetry that reels from social commentary to dream-drunk nonsense. “I destroy the drawers of the brain, and those of social organisation: to sow demoralisation everywhere, and throw heaven’s hand into hell, hell’s eyes into heaven.”

“Publicity and business are also poetic elements,” Tzara writes, foreshadowing Warhol’s claim that “business art is the best art.”

Work Samples

Coeur in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

This gorgeous cover design for Le Coeur à Barbe: Journal Transparent (1922) is attributed to the writer and artist Iliazd (also known as Ilia Zdanevich). Publication of this esoteric, single-issue journal was prompted by a feud between Dada leaders Francis Picabia and Tristan Tzara. The cover is regarded as an important example of early Twentieth-century avant-garde page layout.

Hausmann in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Photomontage by Raoul Hausmann

Photomontage and collage developed into two of Dada’s most effective tools of artistic communication. The reappropriation of images from the mass media allowed for deft social commentary. Dissonant combinations of photos, advertisements and text seemed to capture the jolts of modern reality.

Contemporary Applications

Dadaism was a revolt, an “attack on the culture of a bankrupt society,” which “brought about a violent renewal of meanings” (The Dada Movement 1915-1923, by Marc Dachy).

Those of us who achieve notoriety as designers face a unique opportunity: the opportunity to be heard. Can you use that power to take a stand for your beliefs, to bring about change through good design and positive values? We make a statement – actively or passively – by every professional association we make, every client we choose to represent, and every product we validate by inclusion in our portfolio. Here in America, our designs exist in a culture fractured by deep ethical fissures. It is a culture where gun violence rears its hideous head in the headlines regularly – recently, on a daily basis. It is a culture where so desperate is the desire for fame that people are willing to infiltrate a White House party or stage a hoax involving the life of a child – all in the hopes of achieving reality television stardom. If the Dadaists realized a desire to shift their problematic cultural values, so should we, no matter what nationality we are. We do not require a ‘movement’ to do so. Cultural change is also affected by the simple choices of intelligent individuals. You do not need a soapbox. But look down; you may be standing on one.

If the best thing we designers have to get upset about are the font choices in Ikea brochures, our priorities are unbalanced. There are plenty of better things to rebell against – namely war, climate change, and the filmography of Nicolas Cage.

Surrealism

An Overview

Magritte in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

René Magritte’s work is known for clever twists of visual logic.

Surrealism is a weird dream. This dream can be a vivid exploration of personal identity (Frida Kahlo) or a startling hallucination fraught with Freudian fears (Salvador Dalí). Oh, and there’s often weird fruit involved (think pomegranates or an orange in a doorway).

In short, Surrealism sought to explore the unconcious in order to break creative ground. Their artwork rejects rational thought in favor of absurdity and illogicality, suggesting that these qualities may offer more accurate representations of modern life’s disturbing complexities.

Highlights from the Manifesto

“We are still living under the reign of logic,” begins André Breton’s Le Manifeste du Surréalisme (1924). Breton rails against the supremacy of logic, and credits the work of Sigmund Freud for unleashing a “current of opinion” on the subjects of dreams and the subconscious. “Perhaps the imagination is on the verge of recovering its rights,” says Breton. “If the depths of our minds conceal strange forces capable of augmenting or conquering those on the surface, it is in our greatest interest to capture them.”

Ironically, Breton’s is the most sober and rationally argued manifesto in this selection. He is laying the philosophical groundwork for the artwork that will be built upon these ideals. The wildest language he uses is employed in this assessment of the dream state: “The mind of the dreaming man is fully satisfied with whatever happens to it. The agonizing question of possibility does not arise. Kill, plunder more quickly, love as much as you wish. And if you die, are you not sure of being roused from the dead? Let yourself be led.”

Work Samples

Andalou in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

A razor is drawn towards a woman’s eye in this still from the film Un Chien Andalou by Salvador Dalí and Luis Buñuel, 1928.

Un Chien Andalou is a piece of Surrealist film that has had a profound and lasting impact on cinema. It can be seen as an example of Dalí’s skill with “the usual paralyzing tricks of eye-fooling.” The film has been thoroughly absorbed by pop culture; the rock band Pixies famously refer to it in the song ‘Debaser’ when Frank Black wails, “Got me a movie / I want you to know / Slicin’ up eyeballs!”

Ernst1 in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Max Ernst, The Temptation of St. Anthony, 1945.

Goblins and gremlins galore! Ernst’s take on this classic painter’s narrative is visual feast of nightmares, but its monsters are also a bit cartoony with their grinning jowls and muppet eyes. St. Anthony is being overtaken and physically invaded by transforming plant creatures. Ernst described St. Anthony’s plight thusly: “Shrieking for help and light across the stagnant water of his dark, sick mind, St. Anthony receives as an answer an echo of his fear: the laughter of the monsters created by his visions.”

Corresponding visual sensibilities might be found in the work of contemporary filmmakers Tim Burton and Joe Dante (director of Gremlins and a memorable segment of Twilight Zone: The Movie). For another Surrealist take on the tale of St. Anthony, view Dalí’s composition of the same title.

Contemporary Applications

In many aspects of graphic design and marketing, the idea reigns supreme. A clever concept can be the key to a unique logo design; a startling idea can distinguish an advertisement from the crowd. Surrealists like Dalí and Magritte were idea men. View any of Magritte’s major works and you are looking at a stroke of conceptual brilliance that would humble the cleverest contemporary illustrator.

The conceptual strength shows in their words as well. Consider this choice quote from Dalí: “I consider perversion and vice to be the most revolutionary forms of thought and activity, just as I consider love to be the only attitude worthy of the life of a man.”

Dalí’s most famous painting is The Persistence of Memory, with its melting clocks, which have become the most recognized symbol of Surrealism. The theme of that painting is time, and the multiple melting clocks imply the simultaneous existence of various temporalities. What if we allowed ourselves similar freedoms with our imagination? What will CSS look like in ten years, or fifty (assuming CSS and civilization are still in existence)? What if there were a ‘Time’ property in CSS, and what would it do beyond mere animation? Perhaps CSS of the future will have a variety of temporal qualities, and perhaps it will go 3D as well. Could tomorrow’s cascading style sheets create a holographic effect? Could the cascade apply to past, present, and future?

Fluxus

An Overview

Like a cloud, Fluxus tends to appear in a different shape from one moment to the next. Their goal of ‘intermedia’ creativity blurred the boundaries of visual art, music, publishing, graphic design, and performance art. An international movement that began in the early 1960’s, the Fluxus artists entertained the absurdly paradoxical notion of becoming an “anti-art art movement.” Much like their ideological predecessors in Dadaism, this meant that they would attack the reigning notions of what art could or could not be. It also reveals their predilection for the absurd.

Highlights from the Manifesto

Fluxus Manifesto in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

ABOVE: A portion of George Maciunas’ Fluxus Manifesto.

Like Fluxus itself, George Maciunas’ manifesto is a wild mongrel of a thing. According to Fluxus scholar Simon Anderson, Fluxus “deliberately experimented with, ignored, and tore down so many of the barriers and heirarchies of contemporary culture that no analogy suffices: [Fluxus] defies description, a condition that is perhaps its most potent source of strength.” (In the Spirit of Fluxus, Janet Jenkins, ed.)

Maciunas’ manifesto – which includes collaged literary definitions juxtaposed with his ranting handwritten voice – directly reflects the nature of his movement. It’s a good reminder: does the literary content of your design business accurately reflect the voice of your visual content?

Maciunas asked Fluxus artists to ‘purge’ their work of “bourgeois sickness” and “professional & commercialized culture.” A professional demeanor in the design industry is of utmost importance. However, if you’ve ever met a branding professional whose entire personality has been crafted into an ‘elevator pitch,’ you know how creepy and cold that can be. Speak to people like friends when you can. Never speak to them like just another potential sale. That’s rude and it makes you seem robotic.

Fluxus Work Samples

Fluxkit in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Fluxkit, 1969, various Fluxus artists.

Fluxus was a graphic designer’s dream: typographic freedom, multimedia publishing, visual puns galore, audacious self-promotion. Looking for inspiration for your next promotional mailer? The Fluxus artists packed dozens of clever ideas into the diverse contents of their witty, mass-produced ‘Fluxkits’ and ‘Fluxboxes.’ Make absolutely sure to view the dense, inspiring collection in the Fluxus room at the Tate Modern the next time you’re in London.

Vautier3 in Art Manifestos and Their Applications in Contemporary Design

Ben Vautier, Fluxbox containing God, 1961.

Fluxus was conceived as a publishing enterprise specializing in pamphlets, flyers, games, and various unpredictable objets d’art. The spirit of publishing remained central to its nature even though Fluxus artists eventually tried their hands at every other medium under the sun.

Contemporary Applications

“Too bad he died before its advent,” wrote the Village Voice, “(Fluxus founder George Maciunas) would’ve loved the internet.” If the internet is a playground, then take time to play between professional projects. Many of us draw for fun often, but when’s the last time you built a website for fun? Build a site for your own amusement. Build a humorous site that raises money for charity. Build a site in a day.

Fluxus artists spent a lot of time probing the concept of ‘intermedia’ art and performances. What applications or intersections of your media haven’t you considered yet? The Fluxus artists were fond of puzzles and games; what if you built a website that had a logic puzzle built into the code, with clues hidden in the ‘target’ function so that users could hunt for them by rolling their cursor over areas of text?

Or what if we plundered the online trends of other industries for ideas we can implement in design projects? The first bullet listed in these online media predictions in the publishing industry has ‘viral gold’ written all over it. Who will exploit ‘intermedia’ opportunities like these?

Web designers work in one of the only thriving, pivotal industries of this extraordinarily progressive era. Almost all prominent cultural industries have been thrown into upheaval due to the evolutionary progress of the web and a variety of other twenty-first century factors. Cultural monoliths are falling to their knees all around us – the record industry, the publishing industry, and the automobile industry among them. How can we learn from them? And more importantly, how can we help each other evolve?

Web design in the twenty-first century means much more than the unfolding potential of CSS and the dead, discarded shells of old browser versions. It means that we will be central to social, cultural, and political revolutions worldwide. It means opportunity – the opportunity to expand and assist the progress of global cultures.

In Conclusion

Build your business into a brilliant brand, not a boring bland. Seek new and unusual intersections of media. Look at the big picture. What’s going on in your neighbor’s industry today that will affect yours tomorrow?

Go to a museum. Put more art in your design. Always evolve. Be witty and unpredictable. Just remember, as illustrator Sergio Baradat once said, “It’s okay to pull a rabbit out of your hat, but sometimes a rabbit out of a hat is not what’s called for.”

Promote positive change in the world around you when you can. Support a charitable cause. Use your voice. Don’t waste words. Make them sing and dance.

Further Reading

  • Fortunato Depero
    Online gallery of works by the Futurist artist and designer.
  • States of Flux
    The Village Voice on Fluxus founder George Maciunas.
  • Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
    An essay on ‘one man art movement’ Marcel Duchamp. Essay by Nan Rosenthal of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  • Dada at MoMA
    This New York Times review of a 2006 Dada show at the Museum of Modern Art includes a slideshow of artwork.
  • The Many Temptations of St. Anthony
    A collection of famous artworks on the theme of ‘The Temptation of St. Anthony.’ Compiled by Dan Redding.
  • Dada’s Girl: Hannah Höch
    Show review and biography of influential Dada photomontage artist Hanna Höch.

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The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links


  

Hyperlinks (or links) connect Web pages. They are what make the Web work, enabling us to travel from one page to the next at the click of a button. As Web Standardistas put it, “without hypertext links the Web wouldn’t be the Web, it would simply be a collection of separate, unconnected pages.”. So without links, we’d be lost. We look for them on the page when we want to venture further. Sure, we pause to read a bit, but inevitably we end up clicking a link of some sort.

1hicks

When you style links, remember that users don’t read; they scan. You’ve heard that before, and it’s true. So, make sure your links are obvious. They should also indicate where they will take the user. Let’s start by looking at CSS selectors and pseudo-classes.

Smashing-magazine-advertisement in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links
 in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links  in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links  in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Hyperlinks (or links) connect Web pages. They are what make the Web work, enabling us to travel from one page to the next at the click of a button. As Web Standardistas put it, “without hypertext links the Web wouldn’t be the Web, it would simply be a collection of separate, unconnected pages.”. So without links, we’d be lost. We look for them on the page when we want to venture further. Sure, we pause to read a bit, but inevitably we end up clicking a link of some sort.

[Offtopic: By the way, did you know that Smashing Magazine has a mobile version? Try it out if you have an iPhone, Blackberry or another capable device.]

Styling Links

When you style links, remember that users don’t read; they scan. You’ve heard that before, and it’s true. So, make sure your links are obvious. They should also indicate where they will take the user.

Let’s start by looking at CSS selectors and pseudo-classes:

  • a:link { }
    Unvisited link.
  • a:visited { }
    Visited links.
  • a:hover { }
    The user mouses over a link.
  • a:focus { }
    The user clicks on a link.
  • a:active { }
    The user has clicked a link.

Tlc1 in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links
The TLC uses not only plaint text links, but also icons to communicate the corresponding file types.

Ensure Contrast

Links should stand out not only from the background but from the surrounding text. If the font color is black and the link color is black, you have a problem. Make your links stand out by using one or more than one of the following techniques.

  • text-decortation: underline;
    Underline.
  • font-weight: bold;
    Bold.
  • font-size: 1.4em;
    Enlarge.
  • color: #ed490a;
    Color.
  • background-color: #c0c0c0;
    Background.
  • border-bottom: 2px solid #a959c3;
    Border.

If you decide to make links blue, then make sure no other text (including headings) is blue, because users will expect it to be a link, too.

Also, don’t underline text that isn’t linked because users expect underlined text to be a link. And keep in mind users with poor sight. Red won’t stand out to someone who is color blind, so consider underlining or bolding links, in addition to changing the color.

Komodo in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Hicks in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

A helpful technique that I always use is to slightly blur the focus. Links with good contrast should still stand out when you look at the page.

Don’t Forget About Visited Links

Visited links are often overlooked, but they are very helpful, especially on larger websites. Knowing where they’ve been before is helpful for users, whether because they want to avoid pages they’ve visited or to make a point of visiting them again.

Give visited links a darker shade of color, so that they stand out but aren’t as obvious as unvisited links.

Google in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Lee in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Use the Title Attribute

The title attribute is usually overlooked, but it’s a convenient way to add descriptions to your links and can be especially useful for those who rely on screen readers.

<a href="example.com" title="This is an example link">Example</a>

Use Button Styles

To make really important links stand out—say, a call to action or a “More info” link at the bottom—use a button style. And you can reuse the style again and again without having to edit any graphics.

Notable in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Ux in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

For more information, check out “Super-Awesome Buttons With CSS3 and RGBA” and “Call to Action Buttons.”

Hover State

Offering feedback to users that they’re hovering over a link is good practice. The best way to do this is to change the background color, change the text color or remove the underline.

a:hover { text-decoration:none;
text-shadow: 0 0 2px #999;
}

Adii in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Cars in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

The mouse pointer usually turns from an arrow into a hand when the user hovers over a link. But this functionality is sometimes lost; for example, in IE when the link contains a span element, or on “Submit” buttons. Fix this by adding the cursor type via CSS.

a:hover span { cursor: pointer }

Active State

Provide visual feedback to the user to indicate that they have clicked a link, so that they know to wait. One nice effect is to move the link down one or two pixels, which gives the link the appearance of being pressed.

a:active { padding-top: 2px; }

Tim in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Elliot in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Apply Padding

Here is a good usability tip. Add padding to your links. This way, the user doesn’t have to hover over the exact point of the text. Instead, they can hover in proximity and still be able to click. This works well for navigation links.

a { padding: 5px; }

Simple in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Use Icons for File Types

If your links point to files in various formats, inform the user of as much using icons. This prepares them for the file type they are about to open, whether it’s PDF or JPEG, for example.

Tlc1 in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

For some great resources, check out “Fam Fam Fam Silk Icons” and “Social Media Mini Icon Pack.”

Use Icons for Recognition

Just as you would use icons for file types, use icons to identify where links go or what they do. This user can more quickly absorb a visual icon than text.

Sam1 in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Wufoo in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Make Anchor Text Descriptive

Use meaningful text, not “Click here.” The problem with the latter is that it forces the user to read around the link to understand why they should “Click here.” Anchor text such as “See Britney on a beach” speaks for itself. It’s also more SEO-friendly.

Clickhere in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Link Your Logo

Always link your logo to the home page. Most users expect this convention across the Web. That said, don’t assume that users know this. Regular surfers expect it, but a number of users still look for the “Home” link.

<h1><a href="/" title="Homepage">Site name</a></h1>
h1 a {
background: url(images/logo.gif) no-repeat top left;
display: block;
text-indent: -9999px;
width: 200px;
height: 60px;
}

Don’t Open New Windows

Just don’t do it. Let the user decide when and where to open a new tab or window. Users expect links to open in the same window. If you really must do it, at least add an icon to show that this will happen. There are exceptions; for example, it you don’t want to break the flow of a check-out process.

Micro-Formats

As the Web becomes more semantic, consider incorporating micro-formats into your link structures, to help machines understand how a link fits into a page and its relationship to other pages. For example, the following…

<a href="http://myfriend.example.com" rel="friend met">My Friend</a>

tells search bots that this text links to a friend who I’ve met, which is useful for discovering connections between links. You can also read more about micro-formats.

Showcase Of Links In Web Design

Komodo Media

1komodo in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Hicks Design

1hicks in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Notable App

1not in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

UX Booth

1ux in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Max Voltar

Max in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Elliot Jay Stocks

1elliot in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

The TLC

1tlc in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Sam Brown

1sam in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Adii Rockstar

1adii in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Forty Seven Media

147 in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Stefan Persson

1stefan in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Huge

1huge in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

AWP

1awp in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Simple Bits

1simple in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Andy Rutledge

Andy in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Brian Hoff

Hoff in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Simon Collison

Simon in The Definitive Guide To Styling Web Links

Further Reading

(al)


© Lee Munroe for Smashing Magazine, 2010. | Permalink | 5 comments | Add to del.icio.us | Digg this | Stumble on StumbleUpon! | Tweet it! | Submit to Reddit | Forum Smashing Magazine
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Google Drops Aboriginal Flag from Doodle Winner Due To Copyright

Google ran a Doodle4Google competition in Australia and Jessie won with this Doodle:

Aboriginal Flag Doodle Issue

When they posted the Doodle on the Google.com.au web site, it was missing the Aboriginal Flag. Here is a picture:

Google doodles Aboriginal flag

I mentioned this in passing in Google’s Kuwait Doodle mistake. But now, Google came to the Google Web Search Help forums explaining the issue. Jaime from Google said:

Thanks for voicing your concern here in the forum. Just to make sure everyone is aware of what took place I wanted to explain here that due to the Aboriginal Flag having copyright, we requested permission from the Aboriginal Copyright owners to display the original doodle with the flag on the Google homepage. They declined the permission and as such, in consultation with Jessie, we had to gently alter the doodle so we could proudly display her wonderful artwork – of which we are very proud.

It is a shame Google was unable to get rights to show the flag there. But Jessie seemed like a good sport!

Forum discussion at Google Web Search Help.


Google ran a Doodle4Google competition in Australia and Jessie won with this Doodle:

Aboriginal Flag Doodle Issue

When they posted the Doodle on the Google.com.au web site, it was missing the Aboriginal Flag. Here is a picture:

Google doodles Aboriginal flag

I mentioned this in passing in Google's Kuwait Doodle mistake. But now, Google came to the Google Web Search Help forums explaining the issue. Jaime from Google said:

Thanks for voicing your concern here in the forum. Just to make sure everyone is aware of what took place I wanted to explain here that due to the Aboriginal Flag having copyright, we requested permission from the Aboriginal Copyright owners to display the original doodle with the flag on the Google homepage. They declined the permission and as such, in consultation with Jessie, we had to gently alter the doodle so we could proudly display her wonderful artwork - of which we are very proud.

It is a shame Google was unable to get rights to show the flag there. But Jessie seemed like a good sport!

Forum discussion at Google Web Search Help.


http://www.seroundtable.com/

Google Maps Can’t Find Home After Adding Personalization

Google Maps PersonalizedThis week, Google added personalization to help you find your “favorite locations faster.” The issue is, it slows you down in finding your most favorite location – your home!

A Google Maps Help thread has complaints from people who have saved locations labeled as “home.” Whenever they wanted directions, they typed in “home” or “my home” and bingo, it came up. Now it does not and it requires them to enter in their address, which in turn, slows them down.

The searcher said:

It appears the Google Maps team has replaced the “saved locations” feature with the “personalized search results”. The problem is, when I created my “saved locations” I included some additional information in the names of those entries so they could be easily found by personal names. For instance, if my friend Steve lived at a particular address, I’d save his address into “saved locations” and include the name “Steve” or “Steve’s home”. Then, I was able to start typing “Steve” and it would automatically bring up this saved location.

This is no longer the case. His address is still flagged in my web history and it autocompletes if I start typing in his address… but I can no longer start typing “Steve” to bring up his location.

Any chance we can still get to our “saved locations” data to at least backup the data before you nuke it all for good?

The thread seems to be heating up with angry Google Maps users. The thing is, Google is listening, so it will be interesting to see what changes, if any, they make based on this feedback. Google Maps Linda said:

This is great feedback guys. I’ll be sure to share this with the team. I don’t have an answer right now, but hopefully I will be able to share more later.

Forum discussion at Google Maps Help.


Google Maps PersonalizedThis week, Google added personalization to help you find your "favorite locations faster." The issue is, it slows you down in finding your most favorite location - your home!

A Google Maps Help thread has complaints from people who have saved locations labeled as "home." Whenever they wanted directions, they typed in "home" or "my home" and bingo, it came up. Now it does not and it requires them to enter in their address, which in turn, slows them down.

The searcher said:

It appears the Google Maps team has replaced the "saved locations" feature with the "personalized search results". The problem is, when I created my "saved locations" I included some additional information in the names of those entries so they could be easily found by personal names. For instance, if my friend Steve lived at a particular address, I'd save his address into "saved locations" and include the name "Steve" or "Steve's home". Then, I was able to start typing "Steve" and it would automatically bring up this saved location.

This is no longer the case. His address is still flagged in my web history and it autocompletes if I start typing in his address... but I can no longer start typing "Steve" to bring up his location.

Any chance we can still get to our "saved locations" data to at least backup the data before you nuke it all for good?

The thread seems to be heating up with angry Google Maps users. The thing is, Google is listening, so it will be interesting to see what changes, if any, they make based on this feedback. Google Maps Linda said:

This is great feedback guys. I'll be sure to share this with the team. I don't have an answer right now, but hopefully I will be able to share more later.

Forum discussion at Google Maps Help.


http://www.seroundtable.com/

Trusted Sources vs Less Trusted Sources on Google News

Clearly, Google News has it’s own algorithms and techniques in ranking stories and articles. Danny has one of the most comprehensive articles on ranking stories in Google News that I know of. But I spotted an interesting thread at the Google News Help forums about how possibly some stories can, over time, hurt your trustworthiness in Google News.

The person is trying to somehow communicate to Google that some of his stories are press releases and wants to tell Google not to index or add them to Google News. Why? Simply because he doesn’t want to impact his “trusted source status” with Google News.

Inbal, the official Google News rep in that forum replied:

Thanks for your honest feedback. I encourage you to submit your press release hubs to our team; this should not have any implications on your current news site’s ranking.

I believe you can even do this type of labeling in the new sitemap format for Google News, which is going to be required soon. Not sure why she didn’t mention that as a solution.

But what takeaways do you get from this? Don’t abuse your Google News access, because Google can drop your rankings in it easily.

Forum discussion at Google News Help.


Clearly, Google News has it's own algorithms and techniques in ranking stories and articles. Danny has one of the most comprehensive articles on ranking stories in Google News that I know of. But I spotted an interesting thread at the Google News Help forums about how possibly some stories can, over time, hurt your trustworthiness in Google News.

The person is trying to somehow communicate to Google that some of his stories are press releases and wants to tell Google not to index or add them to Google News. Why? Simply because he doesn't want to impact his "trusted source status" with Google News.

Inbal, the official Google News rep in that forum replied:

Thanks for your honest feedback. I encourage you to submit your press release hubs to our team; this should not have any implications on your current news site's ranking.

I believe you can even do this type of labeling in the new sitemap format for Google News, which is going to be required soon. Not sure why she didn't mention that as a solution.

But what takeaways do you get from this? Don't abuse your Google News access, because Google can drop your rankings in it easily.

Forum discussion at Google News Help.


http://www.seroundtable.com/

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